Antiangiogenic Agents in Retinal Vein Occlusions
Keywords:
retinal vein occlusion; risk factors; antiangiogenic agents; intravitreal injections; branch retinal vein occlusion; hemiretinal vein occlusion; antiangiogenic agents; pars plana vitrectomy; photocoagulation; central retinal vein occlusion.Abstract
Retinal vein occlusion is the second most common cause of retinal vascular disease, after diabetic retinopathy; it causes visual impairment and high costs due to its complications. Multiple relevant international epidemiological studies estimate a global prevalence of the disease in 28.06 million people in 2015 and an upward trend for the period 2020–2030. The therapeutic options used for macular edema and retinal ischemia as complications of retinal vein occlusion are diverse. A review of the scientific literature was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of intravitreal antiangiogenic agents as first-line treatment for macular edema caused by retinal vein occlusion. It was demonstrated that significant recovery of structure and function in retinal vein occlusion was achieved with repeated antiangiogenic injections, which produce few adverse effects.
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