Refractive Characteristics in Children with Anisometropic Amblyopia Treated with Optical Correction
Keywords:
amblyopia, anisometropia, anisometropic, refractive error, visual acuity, astigmatismAbstract
Objective: To determine refractive characteristics in children with anisometropic amblyopia before and after optical correction.
Methods: A descriptive, prospective longitudinal study was carried out with patients between 5 and 18 years old with refractive amblyopia seen for the first time in the Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Clinic of the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology Ramón Pando Ferrer, between November 2021 and October 2022, with a post-treatment follow-up of 6, 12 and 18 weeks.
Results: High refractive error (44 %) and compound myopic astigmatism prevailed in 68 % of amblyopic eyes. According to the magnitude of the refractive defect there were significant differences in the initial best corrected visual acuity with respect to the final one in the three groups mild (p = 0.038) moderate (p = 0.007) and high (p = 0.008). There were significant differences according to magnitude of anIsometropia in the mild (p = 0.001) and high (p = 0.027) groups.
Conclusions: There was predominance of moderate amblyopia and compound myopic astigmatism and high refractive defect. The magnitude of mild and moderate anisometropia influenced the final visual outcome but not the magnitude of astigmatism and refractive error.
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