Clinical-epidemiologic characteristics and visual outcomes in patients with ocular penetrating trauma with posterior segment involvement
Keywords:
penetrating trauma, visual acuity, traumatic endophthalmitisAbstract
Purpose: To describe clinical-epidemiologic characteristics and visual outcomes in patients with penetrating ocular trauma with posterior segment involvement.
Methods: A descriptive, prospective longitudinal study was performed on eyes with penetrating trauma with posterior segment involvement.
Results: Male sex predominated (92.6 %) with a mean age of 38 years. Ocular traumas were frequent in urban areas (52.2 %) and at home (54.4 %), resulting from metal-on-metal hammering (65.4 %). The left eye was affected in 50.7 %, without significant differences (p = 0.936) and zone I in 60.3 %. Initial visual acuity was light perception-hand movement in 58.8 %. The presence of intraocular foreign body was the most frequent lesion (75.7 %). Risk factors for the development of endophthalmitis (34.6 %) were the presence of intraocular foreign body (72.3 %), rural environment (53.3 %) and lens disruption (51.1 %). 35.3 % were grouped in category 3 of the Ocular Trauma Score, with positive correlation with initial visual acuity (p < 0.001; rho = 0.762) and significant association with the variables (p < 0.001). MAVC was 0.5-1.0 in 34.6 %, with positive correlation with initial visual acuity (p < 0.001; rho = 0.443).
Conclusions: Penetrating trauma with posterior segment involvement is more frequent in young men. The presence of intraocular foreign body is the most common injury. Traumatic endophthalmitis develops at a high frequency. Patients are placed in category 3 of the Ocular Trauma Score, with initial visual acuity of light perception-hand movement and final visual acuity greater than 0.5.
Downloads
References
1. Shrestha SM, Anthony CL, Justin GA, Thapa M, Shrestha JB, Khatri A, et al. Factors affecting final functional outcomes in open‐globe injuries and use of ocular trauma score as a predictive tool in Nepalese population. BMC Ophthalmol. 2021;21(1):69. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-01819-4
2. Ferrer LG, Rodríguez BNR, Borges YR, Santana YM, Hernández MC. Trauma ocular al ingreso en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología “Ramón Pando Ferrer”. Rev Cuba Oftalmol. 2022 [acceso 31/08/2024];35(0). Disponible: https://revoftalmologia.sld.cu/index.php/oftalmologia/article/view/1098
3. Emara S. Prognostic indicators in acute burned patients–a review. J Acute Dis. 2015 [acceso 28/01/2025];4(2):85-90. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221618915300147
4. Degefa HG, Admasu F, Mulugeta W, Tekletsadik EA. Visual outcome of penetrating ocular trauma among patients visiting University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital. Sci Rep. 2024 [acceso 31/08/2024];14(1):19307. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39164285/
5. Vidal VV, Miranda MR, Saumell LH. Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con trauma ocular del segmento posterior. Rev Cuba Oftalmol. 2022 [acceso 31/08/2024];35(0). Disponible en: https://revoftalmologia.sld.cu/index.php/oftalmologia/article/view/1099
6. Sadda SR, Schachat AP, Wilkinson CP, Hinton DR, Wiedemann P, Freund KB, et al. Ryan’s Retina E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2022 [acceso 31/08/2024]. 2949 p. Disponible en: https://books.google.com/books/about/Ryan_s_Retina_E_Book.html?id=6H9qEAAAQBAJ
7. Pfister T, Bohnak C, Patel S. Wood-Related Open-Globe Injuries. J Vitreoretin Dis. 2020 [acceso 31/08/2024];5(1):7. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9976041/
8. Mayer CS, Reznicek L, Baur ID, Khoramnia R. Open Globe Injuries: Classifications and Prognostic Factors for Functional Outcome. Diagnostics. 2021 [acceso 31/08/2024];11(10):1851. Disponible en: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/10/1851
9. Belmonte-Grau M, Garrido-Ceca G, Marticorena-Álvarez P. Ocular trauma in an urban Spanish population: epidemiology and visual outcome. Int J Ophthalmol. 2021 [acceso 31/08/2024];14(9):1327. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8403857/
10.Zhang JR, Hsieh TC, Chang FL, He MS. Lawn trimmer–related open-globe injuries in Taiwan. Retina. 2022 [acceso 31/08/2024];42(5):973. Disponible en: https://journals.lww.com/retinajournal/fulltext/2022/05000/lawn_trimmer_related_open_globe_injuries_in_taiwan.18.aspx
11. Naskar AK, Adhikari S, Bandopadhyay S, Mondal KK, Chakravorty A, Sen S. Epidemiology, types and clinical features of cases of ocular injuries attending a tertiary care teaching hospital of Eastern India. Int Surg J 2018 [acceso 31/08/2024];5(3):1072-8. Disponible en: https://www.ijsurgery.com/index.php/isj/article/view/2520
12. Falcón AM, Cabanes Goy L, Martínez Urbay JG, Sing Yu J, Falcón AM, Cabanes Goy L, et al. Trauma ocular severo. Estudio retrospectivo de cuatro años. Acta Médica Cent. 2020 [acceso 31/08/2024];14(1):6-17. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S2709-79272020000100006&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es
13. He CH, Poulsen DM, Parsikia A, Mbekeani JN. Characteristics of ocular trauma in the United States. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2021 [acceso 31/08/2024];85:240-8. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/abo/a/FGHfdCMYT3kYfqrSnTdYz7v/?lang=en
14. Mascaro JA, Ren H, Dmitruk SV, Fernandez AD, Ngo HL, Ataei Y, et al. Validation of the ocular trauma score and identification of additional prognostic factors in open-globe injuries. AJO Int. 2024 [acceso 31/08/2024];1(2):100041. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950253524000418
15. Deud BG, Hammerschmidt HF, Kniggendorf MV, Hopker LM, Müller GG. Ocular trauma score as a visual prognostic factor of open globe injuries in a hospital of southern Brazil. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2021 [acceso 31/08/2024];84:576-81. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/j/abo/a/bLpjPsDzRV9RDkJ8JfvXSpR/?lang=en
16. Watanachai N, Choovuthayakorn J, Chokesuwattanaskul S, Photcharapongsakul C, Wongsirimeteekul P, Phinyo P, et al. Risk factors and outcomes of post-traumatic endophthalmitis: a retrospective single-center study. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2021 [acceso 31/08/2024];11:22. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8326234/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Cubana de Oftalmología
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
El contenido de la revista se encuentra accesible sin costo alguno. Está protegido por los términos de la Licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
