Idiopathic Parafoveal Telangiectasia Type 2

Abstract

Idiopathic parafoveal idiopathic telangiectasia type 2 is a retinal vascular disease with the presence of telangiectatic and dilated juxtafoveal telangiectatic capillaries. It is rare, usually bilateral, although asymmetric, and presents with a progressive decrease in vision due to photoreceptor atrophy in the fovea. Three patients diagnosed with idiopathic parafoveal telangiectasia type 2 in the Ophthalmologic Center of Villa Clara are presented, with the objective of describing its clinical characteristics and the findings in the images, mainly those of optical coherence tomography. Deposits of refractive material in the macula, right angle vessels and retinal pigment epithelium hyperplasia plaques emerge as the disease evolves in its non-proliferative phase. Widening of the temporal sector of the fovea, migration and accumulation of pigment in the inner retina, hyporeflective cavitations and disruption of the ellipsoid zone are seen on optical coherence tomography in most eyes. Glucose tolerance testing should be indicated in the absence of a history of diabetes mellitus.